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Pocklington's algorithm : ウィキペディア英語版
Pocklington's algorithm
Pocklington's algorithm is a technique for solving a congruence of the form
:x^2 \equiv a \pmod p, \,
where ''x'' and ''a'' are integers and ''a'' is a quadratic residue.
The algorithm is one of the first efficient methods to solve such a congruence. It was described by H.C. Pocklington in 1917.〔H.C. Pocklington, Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Volume 19, pages 57–58〕
==The algorithm==
(Note: all \equiv are taken to mean \pmod p, unless indicated otherwise.)
Inputs:
* ''p'', an odd prime
* ''a'', an integer which is a quadratic residue \pmod p.
Outputs:
* ''x'', an integer satisfying x^2 \equiv a. Note that if ''x'' is a solution, −''x'' is a solution as well and since ''p'' is odd, x \neq -x. So there is always a second solution when one is found.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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